This paper focuses on the study area of Linhuan and Haizi coal mining subsidence areas, which are close to the territory of Huaibei City. Aiming at the characteristics and existing problems of water resources development and utilization in Huaibei City, this paper explores the theoretical and technical problems in the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of water resources in coal mining subsidence area, and provides technical support for the effective utilization of coal mining subsidence area. It is of great strategic significance to alleviate the bottleneck of water resources in Huaibei City and to construct the water resources optimal allocation and carrying capacity system to support the sustainable development of social economy in Huaibei City.